Archive for February, 2012

Actos Lawsuit Top News Release

02.24.12 | Author: admin | Posted in Cancer from Asbestos | No Comments »

Actos Lawsuit News 2/14/2012: Did you take Actos? Please contact us today if you took Actos and later experienced harmful side effects. We will connect you with a lawyer that is experienced in complex litigation that may be able to help you recover monetary damages.

Actos Lawsuit: The urinary bladder is a hollow, balloon-like organ located in the pelvis that collects and stores urine until it is ready to be excreted from the body. Urine is produced in the kidneys and is transported to the bladder through two tube-like structures called ureters. Pressure from the accumulation of urine in the urinary bladder forces the wall of the bladder to contract producing the urge to urinate. The urine is then excreted from the bladder via the urethra (a thin tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body).

A basic understanding of the terminology used by doctors to describe the various subtypes of bladder tumors is important in order to more fully appreciate the various approaches to treatment, the treatment options, and the prognosis (chances for recovery). Superficial bladder tumors are those that are localized (confined) to the transitional epithelium (urothelium) – the layer of epithelial cells that lines the inside of the bladder wall and is in direct contact with the urine – but have not spread to the deeper layers of the bladder. Additionally, bladder tumors that have invaded the lamina propria but have not invaded the muscularis propria can be considered as superficial. Invasive bladder cancer refers to a bladder tumor that is either invading the muscularis propria – the deeper layer of muscle cells that forms the wall of the bladder – or the perivesical fat located beyond the bladder muscle. This type of tumor is referred to as muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Muscle-invasive bladder cancer carries a higher risk of spreading beyond the bladder (metastases) and must be treated more aggressively than superficial bladder cancer. The term metastatic bladder cancer is used when the cancer cells have spread beyond the bladder to distant sites.

Hematuria – Blood in the urine (hematuria) is often the first warning signal and the most common symptom of bladder cancer. It has been estimated that approximately 80% to 90% of patients with bladder cancer develop hematuria which is often painless. In some cases, sufficient numbers of red blood cells are present to turn the color of the urine to dark brown or red. This is known as gross hematuria and is easily recognized by the patient upon urinating. In other cases, insufficient numbers of red blood cells may be present in the urine to cause any evident changes in the color of the urine but red blood cells can be detected by examining the urine under a microscope. This type of hematuria is called microscopic hematuria and may also indicate the presence of bladder cancer. It is important to note that although hematuria is the most common symptom of bladder cancer.

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Actos Lawsuit: Cystoscopy is an important diagnostic tool that enables the physician to directly examine the urinary tract with an instrument called a cystoscope. During this procedure, which is usually performed by an urologist on an outpatient basis, the cystoscope – a long, flexible lighted tube – is inserted through the urethra (the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body) and is advanced into the bladder. The cystoscope enables the doctor to view the bladder and urethra and look for any abnormalities including a tumor, infection, or obstruction. During this procedure, the physician may also remove a small piece of tissue from the bladder (biopsy) and submit the biopsy specimen to the pathology laboratory where it is examined under a microscope for the presence of cancer cells. If you have signs and symptoms suggestive of bladder cancer (hematuria and/or changes in bladder habits), your doctor will recommend a cystoscopy to rule out bladder cancer.

A small piece of bladder tissue (biopsy specim en) is obtained by the urologist during cystoscopy for microscopic evaluation. During the biopsy procedure, muscle tissue must be obtained as it is important to determine the extension of the tumor (how far the tumor has spread) since the treatment of superficial bladder cancer differs from muscle-invasive bladder cancer. The biopsy specimen will then be examined under a microscope by another doctor known as a pathologist.

In general, early diagnosis and treatment significantly improves the prognosis for patients with bladder cancer. A high level of suspicion of bladder cancer should be considered for any patient who presents with gross hematuria and known risk factors for the disease. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, patients are evaluated thoroughly to determine the stage (extent of spread) of the disease. The choice of treatment depends upon a variety of factors including the type of bladder cancer, stage of the disease, the presence of other underlying medical conditions, and the patient’s preferences.

Transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT) represents the primary treatment modality for superficial bladder cancer. During this procedure, which may be performed either under general or regional anesthesia, the tumor is removed using a cystoscope that is inserted into the bladder via the urethra. After surgical removal of the bladder tumor, any remaining cancer cells can be destroyed with either electrical current (fulguration) or with a high-energy laser.

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Actos Lawsuit: The term “intravesical therapy” refers to the instillation of a biological agent or a chemotherapy drug directly into the bladder in order to destroy any residual cancer cells. Intravesical therapy is a form of local drug therapy whereby the treatment is targeted directly at the site of the cancer (bladder) as opposed to systemic drug therapy where a drug is injected into a vein or is given orally and travels throughout the circulatory system in order to reach the target organ (e.g., bladder).

The most common type of intravesical therapy for superficial bladder cancer is immunotherapy with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG). BCG is a vaccine that is sometimes used to vaccinate people against tuberculosis. The rationale for using BCG for the treatment of superficial bladder cancer is to boost the body’s natural immune system to destroy the bladder cancer cells. It is thought that BCG induces regression of the bladder tumor through a non-specific inflammatory reaction at the tumor site. Intravesical therapy with BCG is a form of immunotherapy. Intravesical BCG immunotherapy is the treatment of choice for patients with carcinoma in situ (Stage Tis) where the bladder cancer is limited to the lamina propria of the bladder but has not invaded the surrounding tissue.

Patients who undergo a radical cystectomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer also require urinary diversion reconstructive surgery to collect and eliminate urine. Urinary diversion, also known as urostomy, is the general term used to describe reconstructive surgical procedures that bypass the normal structures of the urinary system by creating a “diversion” or conduit for the passage of urine through an opening in the abdominal wall called a stoma.

Orthotopic continent diversion – In this type of continent diversion, a new bladder, called a neobladder, is created by the surgeon using a long segment of the small or large bowel that serves as a reservoir to collect and store the urine. One technique involves surgically connecting the neobladder to the urethra which enables the patient to void urine normally. This procedure may be more advantageous for younger patients who may not wish to wear a bag attached to the abdomen for collecting the urine.

Another potential side effect of radical cystectomy in men is nerve damage that results when the neurovascular bundles are not spared during surgery. Nerve damage often results in the loss of the ability to have an erection (erectile dysfunction). Younger men under age 60 have a greater likelihood of regaining erectile function following a radical cystectomy than men over age 60. Patients should discuss with their surgeon the advantages and disadvantages of using nerve-sparing procedures during radical cystectomy.

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Actos Lawsuit: In women, part of the vagina is also usually surgically removed during a radical cystectomy making sexual intercourse more difficult and painful. Intercourse may be made less painful by using lubricating gels, vaginal moisturizers, or vaginal dilators. Women who undergo radical cystectomy are, however, still capable of achieving sexual climax (orgasm). It is evident that radical cystectomy can have a significant impact on the sexual health of both men and women. Patients should talk openly with their doctor about the potential negative side-effects of radical cystectomy on their sexual well-being and discuss the options that may be available for resuming an active and pleasurable sexual relationship after surgery for bladder cancer.

Over the years, doctors have come to learn that radical cystectomy alone is not sufficient as the sole treatment modality for muscle-invasive bladder cancer because about 50% of patients develop recurrent distant metastasis after undergoing radical cystectomy. More recently, the role of systemic chemotherapy has become better defined in the management of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Systemic chem otherapy may be administered either before radical cystectomy in order to shrink the bladder tumor ( neoadjuvant chemotherapy) or it may be given following surgery to destroy any residual cancer cells remaining in the body (adjuvant chemotherapy).

An important study published in 2003 in the New England Journal of Medicine (Volume 349; pages 859-866) clearly demonstrated the benefits in terms of significantly prolonged survival among bladder cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant combination systemic chemotherapy with methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (M-VAC) as compared to the survival rate for patients treated with radical cystectomy alone. The median survival rate over an 11-year period of patients in this study who were treated with neoadjuvant M-VAC systemic chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy was 77 months compared to only 46 months for patients treated with radical cystectomy alone. Based on the results of this study, the use of neoadjuvant combination chemotherapy has becom e much more prevalent for the treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

The data supporting the use of adjuvant chemotherapy for high-risk bladder cancer patients remains controversial. Nevertheless, it is generally accepted that patients with Stage T3 or T4 tumors and/or the presence of cancer in one or more lymph nodes at the time of surgery should receive 4-6 cycles of chemotherapy with either GC (gemcitabine) or M-VAC. Patients should discuss with their physicians the benefits and potential side effects of either neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy approaches.

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Actos Lawsuit: Although radical cystectomy is currently considered as the first-line treatment modality for muscle-invasive bladder cancer, some patients may be either unwilling or, due to other underlying medical conditions, may not be eligible to undergo this surgical procedure. What are the treatment options available to these patients?

In recent years, doctors have developed a combination of three treatment modalities (trimodality therapy or multimodality therapy) consisting of transurethral resection (TUR), radiation therapy, and systemic chemotherapy as a means of eradicating the bladder tumor while, at the same time, preserving the patient’s own bladder. The primary advantages of the trimodality therapy approach is that it enables the patient to keep their own bladder by avoiding the need for a radical cystectomy and, thereby, experience an improved quality of life after treatment for bladder cancer.

Although some studies have reported similar survival rates between trimodality therapy and radical cystectomy for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer, some experts have expressed the opinion that the risk of local recurrence of the cancer along with the risk of metastatic disease is higher for patients treated with the trimodality approach as compared to patients undergoing radical cystectomy. For these reasons, radical cystectomy is currently still considered as the standard of care for most patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer, while trimodality therapy is usually reserved for a small subset of patients who are either unwilling or unable to undergo radical cystectomy or those who may wish to enroll in a clinical trial involving trimodality therapy.

Currently, combination systemic chemotherapy is considered as the first-line treatment for patients with metastatic (Stage IV) bladder cancer. The chemotherapeutic regimen that has been used most commonly since 1990 for metastatic bladder cancer is M-VAC (methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, cisplatin). The median survival rate for patients with metastatic bladder cancer who are treated with M-VAC is only about one-year, however, a small percentage of patients achieve longer survival.

Our use of the term or terms Actos Lawsuit is for descriptive purposes only. There is no relationship between the owners of this website and the maker of the product discussed in this post. Our use of the words Recall, Class Action Lawsuit and other similar words related to an event do not necessarily mean that this event has occurred. Refer to the website of the United States Food and Drug Administration for information on drug or medical device recalls. If a Class Action Lawsuit is formed in relation to the product discussed in this post we will provide that information at the time the Class Action is formed. A Class Action Lawsuit is not required to exist for you to file a lawsuit if you have been injured by the product discussed in this post.

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Instant Soup Lawsuit

02.23.12 | Author: admin | Posted in Cancer from Asbestos | No Comments »

Instant Soup Lawsuit News – 2/8/2012: How deep is the burn? Burn depth is measured in terms of “de­grees”. To understand this measuring system, it is help­ful to understand something about the structure of normal skin (see Figure 6.4). The outermost layer is the epidermis, which is composed of living keratinocytes and melanocytes, the pigment cells that impart color to the skin. As old epidermal cells die off, new cells replace them. Under the epidermis is the thicker layer of skin, called the dermis, which is largely made of the protein col­lagen. Blood vessels, nerves, oil glands, hair follicles, and sweat glands are located in this layer. The cells that regenerate skin line the hair follicles and sweat glands. Thus, these “accessory struc­tures” are necessary for the skin to be able to “heal itself.”

A first-degree burn is superficial, involving injury only to the outermost layer of skin—the epidermis—and is like a sunburn. The skin becomes red, warm, swollen, and painful. The skin may even peel, but the damage to the skin heals within a few days, by a process called epithelialization. A first-degree burn is sometimes called an epidermal burn. Second-degree burns are caused by brief contact with fire and by scalds from liquids that are mostly water, such as tea and coffee. A second-degree burn involves a portion of the dermis as well as the epidermis—this is called a partial-thickness burn. It can range from superficial to deep partial thickness, depending on how many of the epidermal accessory structures are left in the remain­ing dermis. The skin is blistered, moist, discolored, and painful.

Third-degree burns destroy the full thickness of skin—all of the epidermis and all of the dermis—and are commonly caused by contact with flame or liquids with a high boiling point (fat, tar, molten metal). A third-degree burn appears dry, pale, and leathery. The skin will not grow back. Skin grafts must be performed to keep infection from entering the body through the burn. Full-thickness burned skin contracts and loses its ability to stretch. It becomes tight around the extremity, eventually restrict­ing the blood supply to the hand or foot or limiting chest expan­sion during breathing. Third-degree burns that encircle the arm or leg or chest require an escharotomy. An escharotomy, usually per­formed in the emergency room or upon admission to the medical unit or the burn unit, is an incision in the burn made through the skin to the underlying fat. Because third-degree burns destroy nerve endings, the burned skin is numb and anesthesia is generally not needed for this procedure, although some sedation or pain medication may be given.

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Instant Soup Lawsuit: Fourth-degree burns involve the tissues beneath the skin such as muscle and bone. This term is rarely used, because burns of this depth are rare. They are usually caused by high-voltage electricity or by sleeping close to a fire for a long time in an altered state of consciousness. The limb is often destroyed and amputation is nec­essary. There are no reliable scientific tests to judge the depth of the burn or the ability of the wound to heal without skin-grafting procedures. The medical team must inspect and feel the burn and estimate its depth. Generally speaking, second-degree burns blis­ter and hurt more than third degree burns (because some of the skin nerves are still alive), but this is not always true. Quite often, the burn wound “evolves” over several days, particularly in chil­dren, and the physician cannot be sure of the depth for quite a while.

For the first two or three days after the injury the patient will receive fluids to make up the huge body fluid losses that seep out from the burn (this procedure is called resuscitation). The patient may be fed intravenously and may receive mechanical assistance with breathing and circulation. The burn wound is cleaned by the staff once or twice a day and then dressed, usually with a medication designed to kill germs (a burn cream) and thick dressings. The treatment of the burn is painful, and the patient will receive pain medications to ease the pain. Management of pain is an essential concern of the medical team, the nursing team, and the rehabilitation team. Specialists are frequently called in to consult with the doctors directly in charge of the burn patient. These individuals are highly qualified in medical areas such as infection control or the treat­ment of the various specific organ systems that may fail as a result of the burn.

Some types of burns require additional specific treatment. Chemi­cal bums, for example, are caused by alkalis, acids, oxidants, or other agents that destroy tissue upon contact. Chemical burns need to be rinsed with water to remove all traces of the toxic material. This is best done immediately, and with shower water, but occasionally chemical wounds are also treated with specific antidotes such as calcium injections or applications of an ammo­nium gel (for hydrofluoric acid burns).

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Instant Soup Lawsuit: A person with a high-voltage electrical burn is treated differ­ently than someone with a flame injury. Electrical injury causes damage to tissues beneath the skin surface: the electrical current passes through the body, heating the bone and causing damage to muscles from the inside out. Blood vessels also become damaged, and delayed muscle death can occur from the lack of circulation over the days to weeks following the initial injury. This internal damage causes swelling that in turn could cause further muscle and nerve injury. To prevent this, early surgery is performed to release pressure on muscle and nerves caused by swollen deep tissues.

If things are going well in the first two or three days, the swelling will decrease, the patient’s state of consciousness will improve, blood pressure will stabilize, and, for a patient on the respirator, the oxygen concentration will be decreased. If all of the patient’s burns are second-degree burns and the body percentage involved is moderate, the patient is now usually mobilized and discharge planning may begin.

The oxygen content of the air the patient is receiving via respira­tor or face mask is one indication of the patient’s progress. Ask the physician or nurse what percent oxygen the patient is breathing. The oxygen content of air is 21 percent, so if the patient is receiving air with an oxygen content close to that—say, 30 to 35 percent oxygen—the patient is nearing the point where the breathing tube can be removed. If the patient’s lungs were badly injured by smoke inhalation, the degree of support given by the respirator will increase rather than decrease as time goes on. It is not a good sign if a patient’s oxygen content is increased from SO up to 60 percent, for example. The percent of inspired or breathed oxygen is referred to as the FI02 (ef-i-oh-two) in medical jargon.

Our use of the term or terms Instant Soup Lawsuit is for descriptive purposes only. There is no relationship between the owners of this website and the maker of the product discussed in this post. Our use of the words Recall, Class Action Lawsuit and other similar words related to an event do not necessarily mean that this event has occurred. Refer to the website of the United States Food and Drug Administration for information on drug or medical device recalls. If a Class Action Lawsuit is formed in relation to the product discussed in this post we will provide that information at the time the Class Action is formed. A Class Action Lawsuit is not required to exist for you to file a lawsuit if you have been injured by the product discussed in this post.

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Microwave Soup Lawsuit

02.23.12 | Author: admin | Posted in Cancer from Asbestos | No Comments »

Microwave Soup Lawsuit News – 2/8/2012: Infection, or sepsis, is the enemy of burn patients. Sepsis is not usually a threat within the first few days after the injury, but it becomes a serious threat after the first week. One of the most difficult and frustrating things for a family to understand is that a patient who does extraordinarily well during the first two or three days after major burn injury can become extremely ill—indeed, can succumb—several weeks after admission, just when things seem to be going well. The truth is that no patient with a major burn is safe from the complication of sepsis until the burn wound is completely grafted or has healed, all intravenous lines have been removed and the patient is eating, all antibiotics have been discontinued, and the patient has no fever for several days.

Infection occurs when bacteria or germs enter the burn wound and the tissues surrounding it. Bacteria come from the air, from the patient’s own skin, or through the medical tubes or any other source of external contamination. They may come from inside the patient’s body, such as from the bowel or intestines, where bacteria normally live quietly, causing no harm. Dead tissue from the burn acts as a medium for bacterial growth; that is, it provides a fertile place for bacteria to grow in. Dead tissue also has a poor blood supply. This means that antibiotics, which are administered through the bloodstream, have difficulty reaching the burn wound and therefore bacteria are able to multiply despite treat­ment with antibiotics.

A burn patient’s natural defense mechanisms against infection are depleted, and infections can advance rapidly and become quite serious in a short period of time. Burn wound sepsis can destroy living tissue, changing or “converting” the wound to a deeper injury, such as from a superficial to a deep partial-thickness burn, or from a second-degree to a third-degree burn. Burn patients who develop infection are at serious risk. Samples of blood, urine, and sputum and biopsies of the burn wound itself are obtained as cultures to determine the presence and type of bacteria. Fever is another indication of infection which can be measured. Infection is treated with topical (applied on the wound) and systemic (given intravenously) antibiotics. A further treatment, performed when the patient is stable, is the surgical removal of dead skin and underlying tissue—called excision of the wound.

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Microwave Soup Lawsuit: All burn patients experience pain, and it can be excruciating. For the family and friends of burn patients, witnessing the pain of a loved one is heartbreaking. The staff of the medical center or burn center must cope with the patient’s pain, too. Pain is something that must be worked through with courage and determination by all. The injury is painful because nerve endings are exposed when the skin is burned away. In addition, when skin grafting is per­formed (see below), the donor site is also painful. Pain can be alleviated, but it is not abolished until the burn is healed. Aside from general anesthesia, no pain medication will completely re­move a patient’s pain. Nevertheless, controlling the patient’s pain is one of the medical team’s most important tasks.

Pain control is important not only for the patient’s comfort but also for the patient’s recovery. Pain medications that “take the edge off” the pain also make the pain bearable for the patient so that wounds can be treated properly during dressing changes and tub baths. Pain medications enable the patient in rehabilitation to cooperate with physical therapy and perform range-of-motion ex­ercises to regain the strength and mobility lost during hospitaliza­tion. And pain medication helps the patient get the rest and sleep he or she needs to recover properly.

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Microwave Soup Lawsuit: Sometimes relaxation techniques such as hypnosis or creative imagery are used to help control pain. In creative imagery, the nurse, social worker, or psychologist talks to the patient and takes the patient mentally to another place. For example, the patient can be asked to imagine that he or she is visiting a favorite vacation spot. This process helps the patient focus on something other than the pain. It can create a safe haven to harbor the patient while he or she rides the waves of pain. Listening to music, practicing deep breathing, and focusing visually on a pleasant object are other relaxation techniques that are effective for some people.

Children in pain require very special treatment. First, the staff can make certain the child is given the proper pain medication on the proper schedule. Staff members and families can give reas­surance and listen attentively to the child’s concerns. Children deserve and benefit from clear and honest explanations of all the treatments they receive. When possible, all procedures should be administered in a designated treatment room, away from the child’s usual environment (bedroom and play areas). This allows the child to have a safe environment where he or she knows pain­ful procedures won’t occur.

Having a feeling of control over unpleasant procedures may aid in reducing the child’s pain. Allowing the child to remove old dressings, make decisions about the order in which procedures will be performed, and set time limits for procedures will help comfort the child. Families and staff members need to listen attentively and provide feedback. Children—no less than adults—need to know that they are being heard.

Our use of the term or terms Microwave Soup Lawsuit is for descriptive purposes only. There is no relationship between the owners of this website and the maker of the product discussed in this post. Our use of the words Recall, Class Action Lawsuit and other similar words related to an event do not necessarily mean that this event has occurred. Refer to the website of the United States Food and Drug Administration for information on drug or medical device recalls. If a Class Action Lawsuit is formed in relation to the product discussed in this post we will provide that information at the time the Class Action is formed. A Class Action Lawsuit is not required to exist for you to file a lawsuit if you have been injured by the product discussed in this post.

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Pradaxa Lawsuit

02.23.12 | Author: admin | Posted in Cancer from Asbestos | No Comments »

Pradaxa Lawsuit News – 2/14/2012: You deserve to be compensated if you took Pradaxa and suffered side effects that the public was not warned about. Contact us today and we will arrange a free consultation with a lawyer experienced in pharmaceutical and medical device ligation that can advise you of your legal rights.

Pradaxa Lawsuit: If there is one single highest risk factor in stroke, it is high blood pressure, or hypertension. A national survey found that between 40 percent and 70 percent of the people who had strokes also had high blood pressure. The groundbreaking Framingham study, which has followed more than 5,000 men and women for more than fifty years, continues to find that people with hypertension are two to four times more likely to have a stroke than those with normal pressure. And the Systolic Hypertension in Europe Study showed that even moderately high blood pressure can cause a stroke.

In addition, the blood vessels themselves are getting extra wear and tear and weakening to the point where a stroke is possible. And finally, high blood pressure can accelerate atherosclerosis, or hardening of the arteries, and increase the risk of heart disease, both of which are additional risk factors in stroke. Yes, there is no doubt that hypertension is deadly. What makes it worse is the fact that there are no symptoms. It is com-pletely silent, carrying on its destruction quietly over time, un”til the buildup of pressure and weakened artery walls result in a stroke.

In the past, people did not know they had hypertension until it was too late, until they had a stroke or a heart attack. Today, more and more adults, are becoming savvy. They get their blood pressure checked at least annually. Indeed, studies have found that the successful treatment of hypertension can dramatically reduce the risk of stroke by more than 40 percent.

High blood pressure can be regulated. You are in control. But some of the risk factors of stroke are beyond your powers. They are simply a fact of life. Aging is one of them. As you age, your arteries become more fragile. They are less elastic and flexible. They become brittle. This hardening of the arteries is called atherosclerosis. The more the buildup of athero”sclerosis, the more likely these arteries are to clog or close off. If this occurs in the brain, it will result in stroke.

At first glance, diabetes seemingly has nothing to do with stroke. After all, it is a disease that impairs the body’s ability to control the level of sugar. But below the surface of that definition is a very strong—-and dangerous—connection. Diabetes can affect circulation. And poor circulation can affect the blood vessels, es-pecially the small capillaries in the eyes. Here, because of weak”ened, impaired blood vessels, diabetes can cause hemorrhages and blindness. Likewise, similar hemorrhages within the brain.

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Pradaxa Lawsuit: We all talk about it. We check labels for it. We get our blood checked for it. But many of us are not quite sure what cholesterol is—or its connection to disease. Basically, cholesterol is a waxy material that the body manu”factures, and, believe it or not, it’s natural and necessary for many of our functions. But today, there can be too much of a good thing. Not only does the body manufacture cholesterol, but cholesterol also is found in many of the foods we eat, such as steak and eggs. And saturated fats found in such foods as meat, cheese, milk fat, shortening, and even margarine contribute even more to higher blood cholesterol levels than does dietary intake of cholesterol.

Cholesterol is carried in the bloodstream by lipoproteins, a “shopping cart” substance of fat and protein produced by the liver. The lipoprotein that does most of the work is low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. All well and good, but once the body has taken what it needs, the LDL is still floating around, all dressed up with nowhere to go. Eventually, this floating LDL cholesterol settles on the artery walls, clogging passageways or causing clots that could break off and travel to the brain. This is why LDL is called “bad cholesterol.” But LDL does not travel alone.

The risk of high cholesterol comes from the amount of LDL in the bloodstream. Cholesterol has received most of its press from its relationship with heart attacks. Indeed, until recently, cholesterol has not been considered a risk for stroke. But new re”search has shown that lowering cholesterol is important in stroke prevention. A recent study of the new “statin” drugs showed that by lowering LDL cholesterol by 23 percent to 42 percent, the risk of stroke was decreased by 29 percent. In short, cholesterol levels, especially LDL cholesterol, must be watched. The current recommendation is keep your choles”terol below 200MG/DL, and if your LDL is more than 100MG/ DL you should be on a statin medication. High-risk patients with multiple risk factors should try to get their LDL down to 70MG/ DL. And if your levels are high, help decrease the numbers by eating a low-fat diet, taking cholesterol-lowering medication, and exercising regularly. You are never too young to know your cho”lesterol level and to start working on a healthy lifestyle.

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Pradaxa Lawsuit: It is a fact—-smoking doubles the risk of having a stroke. That’s right, you are twice as likely to have a disabling stroke if you smoke. Smoking has a major distinction: it is the most pre”ventable of all the risks for stroke. Simple. But, as anyone who has ever smoked knows, quit”ting is easier said than done. Even though studies have found that smokers are one and one-half to three times more at risk for stroke than nonsmokers, even though smoking adversely affects circulation and blood supply, and even though the risk of smok”ing is high with or without taking into account high blood pres”sure, heart disease, and age, many people continue to smoke.

Birth control pills have helped shape the way we think, the way we act, and, obviously, the way we conceive. They helped give birth to women’s rights. They influenced an entire generation of young adults. But as the years pass, studies have found that there are some side effects with oral contraceptives. One of these is the risk of stroke, especially in women over the age of thirty who .have a history of hypertension and smok”ing. One study of stroke in young women discovered that certain women who used birth control pills were at an increased risk for stroke compared to women who did not. This risk increased in women who have hypertension. And other studies show there is also a connection between oral contraceptives, heavy cigarette smoking, and stroke. The overall risk is quite small, so you need to weigh it against the fact that pregnancy itself carries a risk. The decision is difficult, but women who are older, hypertensive, and smoke should consult their doctors regarding the risks of taking birth control pills.

Unfortunately, this decline has plateaued recently, which further shows that other risk factors must be treated as well. A lower-fat diet that is also lower in salt, exercise, weight loss, no smoking, even taking one drink of alcohol a day (but don’t forget that heavy drinking increases the risk of stroke!)—all these can help reduce the risk of stroke. And reducing one risk factor can have a favorable outcome on the others. As we have seen, many conditions are related: high cholesterol and hypertension, obesity and diabetes. Treating one of these factors can help treat another.

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Pradaxa Lawsuit: It’s called a thrombosis, the most common form of stroke. In fact, 80-85 percent of all strokes are ischemic in nature. Here, the blood flow in the brain, either deep in its interior or in the less deep carotid artery in the neck, is blocked because of a clot that forms in the artery. Atherosclerosis is its greatest influence. Think of it. Either through cholesterol deposits or aging, the in”side walls of the arteries become less flexible; thick deposits of fat form, and passageways become too narrow for blood to flow through smoothly. Instead, the blood forms a clot around these thick deposits as it tries to get past.

Ironically, these clots usually begin as a healthy measure. The deposits or rough places on the artery wall are seen by the body as a “call to arms,” a need to stave off infection. The blood, thinking these areas need repair, clots around them. Platelets send out their thin clotting fibers. Red and white blood cells join in the action. Soon, the clotting has a life of its own, acting like a net as it pulls platelets, red blood cells, even bits of floating cholesterol into its web. A scab can form, making the mass of cholesterol and blood even thicker.

This type of stroke, too, is caused by a clot. These embolic strokes are less common than their thrombotic cousin. But these clots, called emboli, are the traveling salespeople of stroke, a mass of tissue, blood, and cholesterol that originates somewhere else in our body, usually in the heart or the neck’s carotid artery, only to end up in the brain. Here, when the clotting action occurs, a piece of clot eventually breaks off. This clot, or embolism, is carried by the bloodstream to the brain, where the arteries are smaller. Soon, the clot gets stuck, literally plugging up the passageway beyond it. Blood simply cannot get past the embolism.

Our use of the term or terms Pradaxa Lawsuit is for descriptive purposes only. There is no relationship between the owners of this website and the maker of the product discussed in this post. Our use of the words Recall, Class Action Lawsuit and other similar words related to an event do not necessarily mean that this event has occurred. Refer to the website of the United States Food and Drug Administration for information on drug or medical device recalls. If a Class Action Lawsuit is formed in relation to the product discussed in this post we will provide that information at the time the Class Action is formed. A Class Action Lawsuit is not required to exist for you to file a lawsuit if you have been injured by the product discussed in this post.

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Soup Burn Lawsuit

02.23.12 | Author: admin | Posted in Cancer from Asbestos | No Comments »

Soup Burn Lawsuit News – 2/8/2012: If the patient has deep second-degree burns or third-degree burns, the health care team begins to make plans for the next step— surgery—once the patient is stable and a treatment plan has been drawn up. Surgery is an essential part of the treatment plan for all patients with third-degree burns and for some patients with second-degree burns. The burn wounds must be covered with new skin both to prevent infection and to limit scarring, which may interfere with the person’s ability to function.

Excision is performed on the areas of the burn that have not or are not expected to heal on their own, that is, the deep second- degree and third-degree full-thickness burn. It is often used for extensive third-degree burns of a large surface area and burns of an entire extremity. In excision, the eschar is removed either tangentially or fas­cially. Tangential excision involves removing the eschar with a long razor blade in layers until all dead tissue is gone and the surface consists of healthy tissue. This usually is the deepest layer of dermis or the fat beneath the dermis (subcutaneous fat). This technique preserves the maximum amount of viable tissue. Exci­sion down to fascia involves removing the entire layer of damaged skin and underlying fat down to the fascia—the tough covering over the underlying muscle—all at once. This is a quick way of removing large amounts of burned skin with less blood loss than occurs with tangential excision. A healthier grafting surface is also achieved with excision down to fascia.

Excision usually promotes early healing and eliminates a source of infection. Despite its advantages, this technique is sometimes used reluctantly because the final appearance after removal of fat can be less pleasing. Another disadvantage of excision is the inev­itability of blood loss, making transfusions the rule, not the excep­tion. When excision is performed, there is also usually a need for prolonged or multiple anesthesias. Sometimes the eschar is allowed to fall off without surgery, by natural separation. As the eschar lifts off the wound, it is gradually removed or debrided during dressing changes and tubbings. This method decreases the need for anesthetics and is less traumatic to underlying, healthy tissue than excision. But there are disadvan­tages to this method, too.

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Soup Burn Lawsuit: Once the eschar is removed, if there is not enough remaining dermis, which contains regenerating elements (epidermal cells in hair follicles and sweat glands), new skin will not grow. Skin must be transferred from an unburned part of the body. The patient donates his own skin (autograft) in a surgical procedure in which the surgeon removes skin from unburned areas. Only a partial layer of skin is removed from the donor site, so that the dermis that remains on the donor site will generate new epidermis. Donor areas can be any part of the body, but since they heal with scarring, inconspicuous areas are used first if possible. Common sites in­clude the thigh, abdomen, trunk, and even the scalp (which must be shaved before surgery begins).

When the burn wound covers a large area, the available donor areas may not provide enough skin to cover the entire excised wound. Sometimes, too, the patient is not healthy enough to tol­erate a prolonged operation or the harvesting of more skin. And sometimes cultured skin has been ordered but is not expected to be available for several weeks. In these situations, many temporary coverings may be used until the patient’s own skin or cultured skin is available.

Allografts are applied and managed just like the patient’s own grafted skin (autograft). Eventually allografts will be rejected by the patient’s immune system, but before this they will actually adhere to the wound as in the normal healing process. Allografts keep the wound closed until donor sites have healed sufficiently to allow reharvesting or until cultured skin is available. Skin replacement research is ongoing, and every year brings more advances. Initial experimental success has been reported in a handful of patients around the world who have had permanent allograft transplants and have taken the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine to prevent rejection of the donor skin. This proce­dure is in its infancy, however, and its value has not been proven. Some doctors are now trying to use homograft for the deep or dermal portion of the replaced skin, and cultured skin for the more superficial or epidermal portion. As this book is being written, this is a very promising technique.

Cultured skin, or cultured autograft, is a relatively new method of healing the wound and is used when the patient’s own available skin graft donor sites are insufficient. Burn wounds are excised as usual, and the site is covered with allograft or other biologic dressings until sufficient cultured skin is available. To produce cultured autograft, a tiny piece of skin is taken from an unburned area of the patient’s body and its cells are grown in layers in laboratory petri dishes. The skin grows in small sheets that are then applied to the burn. This method expands the pa­tient’s own epidermis from a 1-inch sample up to more than 250 yards of skin—a 10,000-fold increase—over a 30-day period.

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Soup Burn Lawsuit: Artificial skin: There is no complete, permanent, true artificial skin yet, although work on artificial dermis is in progress. It is hoped that artificial skin will allow earlier coverage of the burn wound independent of donor site healing; this would lead to shorter hos­pital stays and improved survival of the severely burned patient. There are many good temporary artificial wound coverings. All of them eventually must be replaced with autograft. The best of the artificial skins developed so far is a two-layered product, the inside layer being biologic (this stays on the patient) and the out­side being plastic (this part is replaced by autograft). The autograft replacing the plastic is much thinner than conventional autograft, so that the donor site heals in 3 to 5 days instead of 7 to 10 days, which is a great advantage.

Animal skin and human fetal membranes: Commercially processed pigskin and human fetal membranes are used by some surgeons as a temporary covering for the burn wound. Closing wounds with these dressings has the advantages of reducing the loss of protein fluid and electrolytes from the wound, decreasing pain in the wound, and facilitating the healing of partial-thickness burns, f ur­thermore, if the biologic dressing becomes adherent, it is a sign that the wound is ready to support an autograft. It should be emphasized that none of these skin substitutes is like buying aspirin off the shelf—using them takes experience and skill. Patients who have these procedures must be in the hands of experienced burn surgeons.

Our use of the term or terms Soup Burn Lawsuit is for descriptive purposes only. There is no relationship between the owners of this website and the maker of the product discussed in this post. Our use of the words Recall, Class Action Lawsuit and other similar words related to an event do not necessarily mean that this event has occurred. Refer to the website of the United States Food and Drug Administration for information on drug or medical device recalls. If a Class Action Lawsuit is formed in relation to the product discussed in this post we will provide that information at the time the Class Action is formed. A Class Action Lawsuit is not required to exist for you to file a lawsuit if you have been injured by the product discussed in this post.

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Soup Lawsuit

02.23.12 | Author: admin | Posted in Cancer from Asbestos | No Comments »

Soup Lawsuit News – 2/8/2012: The take is often expressed as a percentage of the grafted area. A take of more than 85 percent means the procedure was a success. Not all of the skin graft needs to take in order for the wound to completely heal, since small open areas can heal in from the sur­rounding edges. If the take is less than 60 percent, another patch­ing procedure usually must be performed. Infection, movement, and complications can interfere with the take rate. Grafted areas need to be protected from rubbing by clothing or activity, especially early after grafting. The healed or grafted skin may also be itchy and dry. Frequent application of moisturizers— ideally lotions that have a water-soluble base—such as lanolin and Eucerin will help decrease dryness and itching. Itching is caused by the chemicals that are released in the wound during the healing process. Dryness results from the absence of normal oil glands in the split-thickness skin graft.

The length of stay in the hospital can be as short as a few hours or as long as many months. The average length of stay in U.S. hospi­tals is 14 days. It is sometimes estimated that if there are no compli­cations, the patient will be in the hospital one day for every per­centage point of the body surface that is burned. But such an estimate can only be approximate, and the person’s age, overall heal th, and other factors also affect the length of the hospital stay.

In most cases discharge planning will begin soon after the grafting procedures end, and the patient is set upon the long course to recovery. It is most important that family members and friends stay mentally and physically fit to help with the recovery process. Long nightly vigils in the hospital during the acute illness are to be discouraged: they don’t help the patient and they lead to exhaustion for the family. Time will come when the patient will require the full vigor of support of family and friends: let us save our strength. Along the same lines, although it is difficult to advise families about their behavior that is not strictly relevant to patient care, it is important that family and friends try to live their lives as normally as possible while the patient is in the hospital. Family members are frequently under the impression that the staff (or the patient) expects them to sit around n ight and day to be available. Although the presence of loved ones is critical to recovery, family members also need to do what is necessary for them to stay mentally and physically healthy through what may become a prolonged period of stress.

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Soup Lawsuit: A trauma such as a burn injury has a profound impact not only on the injured person but on everyone involved in this person’s life, including parents, siblings, spouses, children, friends, and co­workers. As the patient fights for life, family members are dealing with the shock and chaos that has entered their lives. What once seemed so important, like vacation plans, becomes trivial in the face of death. Normal routines have been replaced with long hours at the hospital, last-minute child care arrangements, and extended visits by well-meaning family and friends. Nothing is as it was.

In the early days and weeks following injury, the patient’s condi­tion may be critical, and the possibility of death may loom large. The medical treatment of the patient in these early weeks is aggres­sive, with daily dressing changes, fluid and antibiotic therapies, and surgical interventions. Often the patient is on a respirator or is too sick to communicate with the staff and family. Not being able to talk with the patient is difficult for family members, who are trying to come to terms with the possibility that their loved one may die.

The family looks to the staff for guidance and reassurance, but there are no guarantees. Staff members are guarded when talking with the family, careful not to give false hope. Every sentence begins with “if,” “maybe,” or “in time.” These statements become sources of frustration and perhaps anger for family members, who are naturally looking for more definite answers. But medicine is not an exact science. The family struggles to remain hopeful despite uncertainties or a poor prognosis. As the days drag on, they begin to realize and accept the gravity of the situation. The grieving process has begun, as evidenced by their acceptance of a possible poor outcome. The family needs to mourn their losses both actual (change in lifestyle) and potential (death of the patient). Staff members are aware of this mourning process and generally allow the family the oppor­tunity to express their feelings without fear of rejection or judg­ment.

For example, suppose that a mother seeks out information from the staff at every opportunity, is constantly at the child’s bedside, and participates in the dressing changes. In contrast, the child’s father spends most of his time in the lobby, rarely speaks with the staff, and observes procedures from a distance. The wife may inter­pret her husband’s behavior as representing a lack of love for the child or for herself. Believing she can no longer rely on her hus­band, she turns once again to the staff or other family members for support. Her husband, meanwhile, interprets her close relation­ship with the staff as another insult to his ability to provide for and protect his family. The pain this couple is feeling prevents them from seeing the real meaning behind their behavior. Neither of them will be able to support the other until both of them under­stand that their behavior is not indicative of serious differences but represents the playing out of their opposite coping styles. The wife needs to recognize that her husband’s distance is a sign not that he doesn’t care but that he is unable to watch his child in pain. The husband must learn to accept the fact that he can’t do it all and that it’s okay to get help from others. This couple’s behavior illus­trates how anxiety and stress can impede a family’s functioning.

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Soup Lawsuit: The patient may be only just beginning to realize the severity of the injury, whereas the family has had days or in some cases weeks to deal with the shock and begin to cope with the situation. This discrepancy—between the patient’s psychological state and where the family has progressed psychologically—will create difficulty. The patient needs time to catch up on all that she has missed. The patient needs to be educated about burns, for example. The patient also needs to have the opportunity to mourn for her losses (life­style, job, and so on), just as the family did in the beginning. The patient cannot fully appreciate how close to death she came. To the patient, the idea of total or even partial dependence on others is devastating.

In this phase the rehabilitation team makes a comprehensive assessment of what the patient can and can’t do. Armed with this information, they establish a personalized treatment plan that will maximize strengths while addressing weaknesses. Patients may undergo physical and occupational therapy for more than three hours a day. They work on feeding and dressing themselves and on walking. For the recovering burn patient, confronting limitations and a new appearance can be horrifying. The information pro­vided by the family to the staff in the early weeks will be used at this time to challenge and motivate the patient.

As the patient prepares for the day of discharge, so too must the family. Special arrangements need to be made for the care of young children, and medical equipment such as a walker, a commode chair, and dressing supplies need to be ordered. Furniture may need to be rearranged from various floors or rooms. A home care agency might become involved to assist with wound care and physical therapy at home. All of this is coordinated with the social worker or discharge planner, who will sit down with the family as discharge nears and discuss at length the patient’s needs, the fami­ly’s resources, and any issues not yet addressed. The nurses start teaching the family how to bathe or shower the patient, care for wounds, and do other things. They will tell the family about the patient’s needs in terms of medicines and diet. The therapists will also instruct the family in the home exercise program that will be performed between therapy sessions.

Our use of the term or terms Soup Lawsuit is for descriptive purposes only. There is no relationship between the owners of this website and the maker of the product discussed in this post. Our use of the words Recall, Class Action Lawsuit and other similar words related to an event do not necessarily mean that this event has occurred. Refer to the website of the United States Food and Drug Administration for information on drug or medical device recalls. If a Class Action Lawsuit is formed in relation to the product discussed in this post we will provide that information at the time the Class Action is formed. A Class Action Lawsuit is not required to exist for you to file a lawsuit if you have been injured by the product discussed in this post.

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Gianvi Attorney Info

02.23.12 | Author: admin | Posted in Cancer from Asbestos | No Comments »

Gianvi Attorney News – 2/15/2011: If you were prescribed Gianvi and have suffered negative side effects, please contact us today so that we can put you in touch with an attorney to advise you of your legal rights.

Gianvi Attorney: The American Stroke Association’s definition says it all: “A stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is interrupted by a blocked or burst blood vessel.” Period. But this sudden disruption can be years in the mak­ing. It can be the result of clogged blood vessels in the brain, the buildup over time of the fatty cholesterol deposits that translate into atherosclerosis. This disruption also can be created from a blood clot that travels to the brain from another part of the body, a clot that can become lodged in the blood vessels and, acting like a dam, stop­ping the blood supply from getting through to hungry cells.

Or, less commonly, a stroke can be caused by a weakness in blood vessel walls. This vulnerability, present from birth or from uncontrolled high blood pressure, eventually can cause a blowout in the vessel. The blood then will hemorrhage, or leak out, into the brain. But whatever the disruption, the result is the same: the area beyond the clogged blood vessel, beyond the clot, beyond the hem­orrhaging blowout, is not getting the blood supply that it needs. Like a lawn that isn’t watered in a drought, this area of the brain begins to dry up, to shrivel. The brain cells that aren’t “watered” will die very quickly.

Whoever coined “There’s more here than meets the eye” could very well have been a neurologist. Frankly, it’s not much to look at. A brain looks like a well-used sponge. But appearances lie. The brain is bursting with energy. It consists of billions of nerve cells called neurons. And these neu­rons are settled in specific locales that are responsible for every­thing from the way we eat to the food we like. And this so-called “sponge” can soak up so much information that nothing, not even the most sophisticated computer in the world, can compare to it. Nothing. As with most things, organization, delegation, and record keeping are crucial factors in its success. Despite its lumpy ap­pearance, the brain is very active and very well organized—and in touch with all its “employees.”

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Gianvi Attorney: Veins, arteries, and nerves—all are intertwined, all are intricately spread throughout our bodies. When we touch a hot plate with our fingers, when we step on a nail, when we bang into the corner of a table, when we sip an ice-cold glass of champagne, whenever our senses are involved, so is our peripheral nervous system, sending our sensations, or stimuli, to our brain for responses. In normal brain functioning, the brain sends messages back down to those nerve endings, telling us to move our fingers from the hot plate or feel the pain of the nail, the table corner, the ice-cold ache of sipping a drink. The peripheral nervous system is like a vast messenger service, the adjunct staff so important to any successful organization.

The central nervous system (CNS) is like the North Star. It is the central operational system, or “office,” where the peripheral nervous system, traveling from our fingers, our toes, our muscles, ends up. Specifically, the CNS consists of the spinal cord and the brain. Messages are relayed throughout the brain by a network of brain cells, neurons, and the “cables” that connect them: axons. The messages travel by both electrical impulses and by the release of chemicals called neurotransmitters. Let’s say you step on that ubiquitous nail. The “ouch!” of pain travels up the nerves from your foot, moving merrily along the axon. Suddenly, it reaches a space at its next stop in the spinal cord. This space is called a synapse. The next neuron lies in wait, but the electrical version of the message “ouch!” cannot reach it—at least not yet.

But the body is a master of problem solving. That same elec­trical charge that carried “ouch!” along the axon now triggers the release of a chemical: the neurotransmitter. This neurotransmit­ter crosses the synapse space to a receptor, waiting and ready, on the next cell. As soon as the chemical-conducted “ouch!” touches the receptor, it turns back into an electrical impulse and the mes­sage “ouch!” continues on its way toward the brain. This process continues throughout the nervous system, through every area of the brain, at a fast and furious pace: count­less messages bouncing back and forth, commands being shouted, information being stored, perceptions being understood, millions and millions of messages perfectly relayed in less than a second, every hour of the day.

When a stroke strikes, some of the brain cells and axons can be damaged and messages just won’t get through. Damaged syn­apses and neurons can create imbalances, affecting mood, emo­tions, and thought. A stroke in the temporal lobe can affect the connections there, preventing memory retrieval. A damaged syn­apse in the right hemisphere might prevent movement on the left side of the body.

The brain feeds on oxygen, which is extracted from red blood cells. It’s assured a constant supply from the high-speed pumping action of the heart, which, despite the soul-searching words of poets and philosophers, is actually a “hard-body” muscle that is about the size of a fist. This “fist,” however, can squirt a jet of life-sustaining blood several feet. You can feel this jet of blood surging through your body by taking your pulse. Each beat of your pulse pushes out about one cup of blood into your bloodstream. But quality is more important than quantity. Believe it or not, our bodies contain only about twelve pints—or twenty-four cups—of blood. This is equivalent to approximately six quarts of milk or the weight of one Thanksgiving turkey.

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Gianvi Attorney:  Like the water in your house, circulation needs pressure to keep moving. Your blood pressure is what keeps your blood flowing and moving in a rhythmic way through your arteries. When you get your blood pressure taken, the upper num­ber in the reading, called the systolic pressure, reflects how hard your heart has to squeeze and contract to push the blood through your arteries. A high reading means that your heart is having to squeeze too hard to keep your blood moving. The lower number, or the diastolic pressure, reflects the pressure in your arteries while the heart rests between beats. A high number here means that the pressure remains elevated even when your heart is resting between beats.

Blood flow, its rhythm and pressure, can be affectedby hered­itary factors, kidney disease, weight gain, and cholesterol, a waxy substance that is carried through the bloodstream. As it builds up, cholesterol is deposited on the arterial walls. Eventually, the walls of the arteries thicken to the point where blood may not get through. If these deposits occur in the arteries feeding the heart, this can result in a heart attack. If they accumulate in the arteries feeding the brain, this can result in a stroke. The carotid arteries do have a partner. Blood also travels to the brain through the vertebral arteries. These go up the ver­tebral column in the back of the neck, to form the basilar artery in the brain stem. A stroke will have different symptoms if it occurs within the carotid system or within the areas of the brain fed by the vertebral arteries.

The brain has a hungry man’s appetite. It needs 20 percent of the total blood supply to get the oxygen and food that it needs. The crucial arteries through which the heart pumps blood up to the hungry brain are called the carotid arteries. Both the right and the left carotid arteries are all-important, branching out into a series of arteries in the front of the neck and into the brain. These arteries grow smaller and smaller as they travel, allowing all the areas of the brain, from the thalamus to the hippocam­pus, from the frontal to the temporal lobes, to get “served” with oxygen-rich blood.

Blood. We can be upset by the sight of it or donate it to save a life. But whatever the “gut feeling,” blood is literally a carrier—of life. Think of it as a highly reputable moving van, a transporter that carries necessary food to our cells. And there is much more than meets the eye in its red color. If you put a drop of blood under a microscope, you’d see all of the following: Plasma is the liquid that holds the blood cells; it gives the blood its consistency. The red blood cells (or corpuscles) hold the food. They con­tain the oxygen and the other nutrients (in the chemical form of glucose) that the body needs to survive. After the various organs finish their “meal,” these red blood cells head for the veins, carry­ing back the “empty plates” to the heart. Red blood cells also give the blood its red color.

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Gianvi Attorney: The white blood cells are the “superheroes.” They respond to “foreign invaders/’ both by fighting infection and by increasing in number when infection or inflammation threatens the body. The platelets are responsible for clotting. When you cut yourself, platelets “rush in” and begin to create a web, a micro­scopic gauze of fiber, that traps other blood cells to stop the flow of blood. Problems can arise, however, in the most well-oiled ma­chine—and the human body is no exception. Clotting is crucial if you fall and hurt your knee, if you step on that ever-present nail. However, especially as we get older, our arteries can narrow and develop rough areas, which draw the attention of the platelets.

If there is one single highest risk factor in stroke, it is high blood pressure, or hypertension. A national survey found that between 40 percent and 70 percent of the people who had strokes also had high blood pressure. The groundbreaking Framingham study, which has followed more than 5,000 men and women for more than fifty years, continues to find that people with hypertension are two to four times more likely to have a stroke than those with normal pressure. And the Systolic Hypertension in Europe Study showed that even moderately high blood pressure can cause a stroke.

Although hypertension can be inherited, the reasons people get it are a mystery in the majority of all cases. However, we do know what happens. As we have seen, the buildup of arterial pressure means the heart is working more— harder and faster. It also means that the small blood vessels are holding back the flow of blood, building up pressure behind them.

In addition, the blood vessels themselves are getting extra wear and tear and weakening to the point where a stroke is possible. And finally, high blood pressure can accelerate atherosclerosis, or hardening of the arteries, and increase the risk of heart disease, both of which are additional risk factors in stroke. Yes, there is no doubt that hypertension is deadly. What makes it worse is the fact that there are no symptoms. It is com­pletely silent, carrying on its destruction quietly over time, un­til the buildup of pressure and weakened artery walls result in a stroke.

Our use of the term or terms Gianvi Attorney is for descriptive purposes only. There is no relationship between the owners of this website and the maker of the product discussed in this post. Our use of the words Recall, Class Action Lawsuit and other similar words related to an event do not necessarily mean that this event has occurred. Refer to the website of the United States Food and Drug Administration for information on drug or medical device recalls. If a Class Action Lawsuit is formed in relation to the product discussed in this post we will provide that information at the time the Class Action is formed. A Class Action Lawsuit is not required to exist for you to file a lawsuit if you have been injured by the product discussed in this post.

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Gianvi Blood Clots Info

02.23.12 | Author: admin | Posted in Cancer from Asbestos | No Comments »

Gianvi Blood Clots News – 2/15/2012: Please contact us today if you took Gianvi and suffered unusual side effects or other injuries.

Gianvi Blood Clots:   High blood pressure can be regulated. You are in control. But some of the risk factors of stroke are beyond your powers. They are simply a fact of life. Aging is one of them. As you age, your arteries become more fragile. They are less elastic and flexible. They become brittle. This hardening of the arteries is called atherosclerosis. The more the buildup of athero­sclerosis, the more likely these arteries are to clog or close off. If this occurs in the brain, it will result in stroke.

At first glance, diabetes seemingly has nothing to do with stroke. After all, it is a disease that impairs the body’s ability to control the level of sugar. But below the surface of that definition is a very strong—-and dangerous—connection. Diabetes can affect circulation. And poor circulation can affect the blood vessels, es­pecially the small capillaries in the eyes. Here, because of weak­ened, impaired blood vessels, diabetes can cause hemorrhages and blindness. Likewise, similar hemorrhages within the brain.

We all talk about it. We check labels for it. We get our blood checked for it. But many of us are not quite sure what cholesterol is—or its connection to disease. Basically, cholesterol is a waxy material that the body manu­factures, and, believe it or not, it’s natural and necessary for many of our functions. But today, there can be too much of a good thing. Not only does the body manufacture cholesterol, but cholesterol also is found in many of the foods we eat, such as steak and eggs. And saturated fats found in such foods as meat, cheese, milk fat, shortening, and even margarine contribute even more to higher blood cholesterol levels than does dietary intake of cholesterol.

Cholesterol is carried in the bloodstream by lipoproteins, a “shopping cart” substance of fat and protein produced by the liver. The lipoprotein that does most of the work is low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. All well and good, but once the body has taken what it needs, the LDL is still floating around, all dressed up with nowhere to go. Eventually, this floating LDL cholesterol settles on the artery walls, clogging passageways or causing clots that could break off and travel to the brain. This is why LDL is called “bad cholesterol.” But LDL does not travel alone. There is a “good cholesterol” at work as well: high-density lipoprotein (HDL). HDL carries cholesterol back to the liver for processing and elimination.

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Gianvi Blood Clots:  The risk of high cholesterol comes from the amount of LDL in the bloodstream. Cholesterol has received most of its press from its relationship with heart attacks. Indeed, until recently, cholesterol has not been considered a risk for stroke. But new re­search has shown that lowering cholesterol is important in stroke prevention. A recent study of the new “statin” drugs showed that by lowering LDL cholesterol by 23 percent to 42 percent, the risk of stroke was decreased by 29 percent. In short, cholesterol levels, especially LDL cholesterol, must be watched. The current recommendation is keep your choles­terol below 200MG/DL, and if your LDL is more than 100MG/ DL you should be on a statin medication. High-risk patients with multiple risk factors should try to get their LDL down to 70MG/ DL. And if your levels are high, help decrease the numbers by eating a low-fat diet, taking cholesterol-lowering medication, and exercising regularly. You are never too young to know your cho­lesterol level and to start working on a healthy lifestyle.

Usually our hearts beat in a monotonous but reassuring reg­ular rhythm. But, particularly as we age, they may adopt a highly irregular beat called atrial fibrillation. These irregular beats of the atrium are less efficient, and blood clots can form in the heart, poised and ready to head to the brain. A person with atrial fibril­lation is 4 percent to 18 percent more likely to have a stroke. In some cases, blood clots may form on a damaged heart valve. Diseases like rheumatic fever can leave roughened, floppy heart valves that attract small bits of debris and blood clots. At other times, a heart attack may leave a section of the heart muscle weakened—another magnet for those dangerous blood clots that might break off and travel to the brain.

It is a fact—-smoking doubles the risk of having a stroke. That’s right, you are twice as likely to have a disabling stroke if you smoke. Smoking has a major distinction: it is the most pre­ventable of all the risks for stroke. Simple. But, as anyone who has ever smoked knows, quit­ting is easier said than done. Even though studies have found that smokers are one and one-half to three times more at risk for stroke than nonsmokers, even though smoking adversely affects circulation and blood supply, and even though the risk of smok­ing is high with or without taking into account high blood pres­sure, heart disease, and age, many people continue to smoke.

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Gianvi Blood Clots:  Birth control pills have helped shape the way we think, the way we act, and, obviously, the way we conceive. They helped give birth to women’s rights. They influenced an entire generation of young adults. But as the years pass, studies have found that there are some side effects with oral contraceptives. One of these is the risk of stroke, especially in women over the age of thirty who .have a history of hypertension and smok­ing. One study of stroke in young women discovered that certain women who used birth control pills were at an increased risk for stroke compared to women who did not. This risk increased in women who have hypertension. And other studies show there is also a connection between oral contraceptives, heavy cigarette smoking, and stroke. The overall risk is quite small, so you need to weigh it against the fact that pregnancy itself carries a risk. The decision is difficult, but women who are older, hypertensive, and smoke should consult their doctors regarding the risks of taking birth control pills.

Unfortunately, this decline has plateaued recently, which further shows that other risk factors must be treated as well. A lower-fat diet that is also lower in salt, exercise, weight loss, no smoking, even taking one drink of alcohol a day (but don’t forget that heavy drinking increases the risk of stroke!)—all these can help reduce the risk of stroke. And reducing one risk factor can have a favorable outcome on the others. As we have seen, many conditions are related: high cholesterol and hypertension, obesity and diabetes. Treating one of these factors can help treat another.

Because of the configuration of arteries in the brain, the area hit by the ‘‘drought” usually forms a wedge shape. Visualize it as the sprinkler system you use on your lawn. If one sprinkler head malfunctions, the wedge of grass it watered will die. As with all other aspects of stroke, location is everything. Small or large might not be important with infarction. Rather, it is where the infarction took place that decides a person’s fate. Even a small infarction can cause severe disability if it occurs in a vital area. If the brain tissue dies in the interior area of the brain, it can cause paralysis on one-half of the body. If it is in the occipital lobe area, it can affect vision.

It’s called a thrombosis, the most common form of stroke. In fact, 80-85 percent of all strokes are ischemic in nature. Here, the blood flow in the brain, either deep in its interior or in the less deep carotid artery in the neck, is blocked because of a clot that forms in the artery. Atherosclerosis is its greatest influence. Think of it. Either through cholesterol deposits or aging, the in­side walls of the arteries become less flexible; thick deposits of fat form, and passageways become too narrow for blood to flow through smoothly. Instead, the blood forms a clot around these thick deposits as it tries to get past.

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Gianvi Blood Clots:  Ironically, these clots usually begin as a healthy measure. The deposits or rough places on the artery wall are seen by the body as a “call to arms,” a need to stave off infection. The blood, thinking these areas need repair, clots around them. Platelets send out their thin clotting fibers. Red and white blood cells join in the action. Soon, the clotting has a life of its own, acting like a net as it pulls platelets, red blood cells, even bits of floating cholesterol into its web. A scab can form, making the mass of cholesterol and blood even thicker. The result? A clogged-up passageway that life-sustaining blood can’t pass through. The ultimate result? A thrombotic stroke.

This type of stroke, too, is caused by a clot. These embolic strokes are less common than their thrombotic cousin. But these clots, called emboli, are the traveling salespeople of stroke, a mass of tissue, blood, and cholesterol that originates somewhere else in our body, usually in the heart or the neck’s carotid artery, only to end up in the brain. Here, when the clotting action occurs, a piece of clot eventually breaks off. This clot, or embolism, is carried by the bloodstream to the brain, where the arteries are smaller. Soon, the clot gets stuck, literally plugging up the passageway beyond it. Blood simply cannot get past the embolism. A third type of stroke has less to do with infarction’s “drought” than it has to do with flooding.

Only 10 percent of all strokes are hemorrhagic. But hemorrhagic strokes are also the most deadly. There is good news, however: studies have found that if people survive hemorrhagic strokes, they can make the greatest and most dramatic gains over time in rehabilitation. Hemorrhagic strokes usually are helped along by hyperten­sion, which weakens and changes the artery walls in the brain. A weakened wall eventually ruptures, spilling blood into the brain. Sometimes this problem is congenital, a condition that has ex­isted since birth. Unfortunately, high blood pressure can stretch this already vulnerable wall to its limits. In the same way a worn tire can explode one day while you are driving, this wall can ul­timately burst. We call this medical “blowout” a ruptured aneu­rysm—which sends blood all around the surface of the brain.

Our use of the term or terms Gianvi Blood Clots is for descriptive purposes only. There is no relationship between the owners of this website and the maker of the product discussed in this post. Our use of the words Recall, Class Action Lawsuit and other similar words related to an event do not necessarily mean that this event has occurred. Refer to the website of the United States Food and Drug Administration for information on drug or medical device recalls. If a Class Action Lawsuit is formed in relation to the product discussed in this post we will provide that information at the time the Class Action is formed. A Class Action Lawsuit is not required to exist for you to file a lawsuit if you have been injured by the product discussed in this post.

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Gianvi Class Action Lawsuit Info

02.23.12 | Author: admin | Posted in Cancer from Asbestos | No Comments »

Gianvi Class Action Lawsuit News – 2/15/2012: Did you take Gianvi ? Please contact us today if you took Gianvi and later experienced harmful side effects. We will connect you with a lawyer that is experienced in complex litigation that may be able to help you recover monetary damages.

Gianvi Class Action Lawsuit:  Think of lacunar strokes as tiny infarctions. Smaller than one cu­bic centimeter in size, they occur where the larger arteries branch off into the minute vessels, or capillaries, deep within the brain. But like all strokes, location is everything. Lacunes can pack a big wallop if they occur in critical areas. Only one tiny lacune, deep inside the brain, can lead to total paralysis on one side. On the other hand, lacunes can go unnoticed until their numbers in­crease and more and more brain tissue is lost. Lacunar strokes are most common in patients who have dia­betes or hypertension. This type of stroke accounts for approxi­mately 25 percent of all strokes.

These are the different types of strokes. Their signs and symptoms vary, based on location, type, and severity. Once a stroke occurs, we deal with the consequences. But most important of all is recognizing the indicator called a tran­sient ischemic attack (TIA)—-and seeking medical attention to possibly stop a full-blown stroke from happening.

All these facts point to one bottom line: if recognized and treated, TIAs can prevent a full-fledged stroke from tak­ing place. But note the crucial phrase: “if recognized and treat­ed.” Unfortunately, diagnosing a TIA is easier said than done. Although getting immediate help and seeking immediate medi­cal attention is paramount, most people who suffer a stroke do not seek help until they’ve had their symptoms for more than eight hours. It’s up to you to make that first step, to understand when your body is in danger, and to reach out for medical care. To that end, here’s a brief lesson in transient ischemic at­tacks, the powerful warnings that, if heeded, might stop tragedy before it begins.

Although the phrase transient ischemic attacks sounds complicated, its meaning is fairly straightforward. A TIA is a temporary inter­ruption in the blood supply to a portion of the brain, which usu­ally doesn’t last more than a few minutes or a few hours. TIAs can be caused by traveling clots, just as in full-fledged strokes, or they can be caused by clogged-up artery walls. In fact, the only difference between a TIA and a stroke is that a TIA is temporary. Clots or clogging deposits eventually are broken up or dissolved.

Before the clot or deposit disappears, symptoms may appear. As with a completed stroke, the symptoms of TIA also depend on the area of the brain where the blood supply was inter­rupted. Unfortunately, because these symptoms disappear, some­times within minutes, they are often ignored. Furthermore, be­cause they are often vague or mild, we quickly ignore them. After all, who wants to believe that they could be having a stroke? But therein lies the danger of TIA. Yes, its symptoms fade, but the underlying mechanisms that created it still are hidden within our bodies. Blood still can be filled with cholesterol. Artery walls still can be vulnerable. Clots still can be forming For a TIA to be an effective warning, medical intervention is crucial. This is an emergency.

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Gianvi Class Action Lawsuit:  Temporary weakness, numbness, or paralysis of the hand, arm, leg, or face on one or both sides of the body. These are the most crucial “red flag” symptoms. They are not only the most common characteristics of TIA, but if immediately brought to your physician’s attention, they can save your life. One note: this weakness or numbness is not the same thing as the “pins and nee­dles” you feel when, for example, your foot falls asleep. It comes on quickly and leaves just as fast. Sudden blurred, dimmed, or complete loss of vision in one or both eyes that lasts longer than a few seconds. Sudden loss of vision in one eye can signal an embolus to the main artery to the eye, and the loss of vision in both eyes can be the result of inadequate blood flow to the occipital lobes.

Speech, and language difficulties. This can involve having trouble actually speaking and understanding the spoken word (aphasia) or the written word (alexia). Slurred or “thick” speech (dysarthria) is a sign of a vertebrobasilar TIA, which is a TIA in the arteries at the back of the brain. Lack of coordination or balance. Technically, this condi­tion is yet another A term: ataxia. It can involve arms or legs— resulting in difficulty holding a glass or walking. It is a sign of vertebrobasilar insufficiency.

Dizziness is one of the most common symptoms of vertebrobasilar TIA, affecting the back of the brain where the vertebral and basal arteries reside. Seventy percent of all people who have this type of TIA experience this dizziness. But vertigo must be combined with other symptoms for it to signify an at­tack. For example, dizziness without numbness, weakness, or speech problems is rarely a sign of TIA. Nausea or vomiting or both. Alone, these symptoms are too vague to point to TIA, but in combination with vertigo, speech problems, or loss of balance, they can signal a possible attack.

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Gianvi Class Action Lawsuit:  A transient ischemic attack is reversible. Heeding its warn­ing signs can go far in preventing a stroke. But sometimes the “dreaded impossible” occurs, despite our best intentions and our best care. Sometimes a stroke will strike—and in the next section, we’ll see exactly what symptoms it creates and, most important, how it can be treated.  As highly individual as all of us are, as different and unique as our separate memories, perceptions, and feelings are, when stroke strikes, many of its symptoms are universal. Paralysis, de­pression, an inability to communicate—as the previously men­tioned examples show, there is a commonality among stroke damage. And this damage depends on locale. It’s not just a matter of when stroke occurs or how it happens. Actual symptoms are a function of where stroke strikes.

As we have seen, the type of stroke a person has is a crucial ele­ment in its degree of severity and in its symptoms. The location of the stroke is the other crucial element. It’s a fact: most strokes occur in only one side, or hemi­sphere, of the brain. And their symptoms will appear on only one side of the body, the side opposite the affected hemisphere in the brain. In other words, when a stroke strikes the right hemisphere of the brain, it will affect the left side of the body. When a stroke strikes the left hemisphere of the brain, it will affect the body’s right side.

The most common symptom of stroke is paralysis on one side of the body. This phenomenon can be total or partial, affecting, for example, the fine motor movements of our hands and feet or cre­ating a numbness or paralysis in our entire leg or arm. Further, it is not unusual to have total paralysis of a hand or foot but still be able to move a shoulder or hip.

Numbness or paralysis, however, is only one part of the story. Each hemisphere also controls different thinking, speaking, and infor- mation-processing functions. A stroke in the right hemisphere can affect, for example, memory, attention span, and impulse control. A stroke in the left side of the brain can affect language skills and cognition, which is, literally, the act of knowing.

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Gianvi Class Action Lawsuit:  But not every stroke is found in the right or left hemisphere of the brain. As with most situations, there are exceptions to every rule. Although less common than their “right-left” counterparts, some strokes occur in the brain stem or in the cerebellum. Strokes here may affect movement, balance, and basic body functions, such as swallowing and breathing. Of course, we usually don’t see every symptom in every per­son who suffers a stroke. Nor are every person’s symptoms the same. But when stroke strikes a specific area, there are enough similarities to make pinpointing the location a help in diagnosis and, ultimately, in the rehabilitation outcome.

As we have seen, the right and left hemispheres of the brain con­trol different functions. But like most things in life, they aren’t divided neatly in two. They work in concert, one adding dimen­sion to the other, one overlapping the other within every aspect of our personality—from thinking to speaking, from performing to perceiving.

But depending on the specific function, one side does domi­nate the other. The right hemisphere is more in control of our visual organi­zation, perception, and attention. It adds meaning and substance to what we see. The right brain also is responsible for nonverbal communi­cation, for the slang, inflection, style, and gestures that go along with our conversations with others. Furthermore, our right hemisphere also is involved in our ability to perceive space, to understand where we are, what we are looking at, what we are doing, and why various objects are placed where they are.

Neglect can mean many things. It can mean a failure to focus on the outside world. Or a lack of attention. Or, in its extreme, an inability to recognize that one has even had a stroke. In 1981, Dr. M. Mesulam isolated the attention network in the brain. He found that the small reticular formation, found deep within the brain stem, is responsible for general arousal and wakefulness. The parietal lobes concern themselves with sensory cues, and the frontal lobes help coordinate our actual activities. The limbic system provides the necessary desire and motivation to interact with our environment.

Our use of the term or terms Gianvi Class Action Lawsuit is for descriptive purposes only. There is no relationship between the owners of this website and the maker of the product discussed in this post. Our use of the words Recall, Class Action Lawsuit and other similar words related to an event do not necessarily mean that this event has occurred. Refer to the website of the United States Food and Drug Administration for information on drug or medical device recalls. If a Class Action Lawsuit is formed in relation to the product discussed in this post we will provide that information at the time the Class Action is formed. A Class Action Lawsuit is not required to exist for you to file a lawsuit if you have been injured by the product discussed in this post.

To keep up to date on Gianvi Class Action Lawsuit visit our site often.

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Gianvi Class Action News

02.23.12 | Author: admin | Posted in Cancer from Asbestos | No Comments »

Gianvi Class Action News – 2/15/2012: Gianvi may be linked to serious negative side effects. If you took Gianvi and believe you suffered negative side effects as a result, contact us today so that we can make arrangements for a free consultation with a law firm that is investigating cases related to the side effects of Gianvi.

Gianvi Class Action News:   Although the left hemisphere controls most of our basic language skills, from vocabulary to pronunciation, the right hemisphere provides its color. Indeed, studies have shown that to rebuild lan­guage skills, rehabilitation teams must include nonverbal, right- brain-oriented programs. Patients who have suffered a right- brain stroke might lose their speech inflection; their words might come out flat. Similarly, they might not be able to pick up the inflection, emotion, or meaning of someone else’s conversation. In scientific terms, prosody is the color that we add to our state­ments that make them questions or exclamations. Aprosody is its loss, a result of right-brain stroke.

It makes sense. Sensory impairment, memory loss, neglect, lack of attention—these separate symptoms of stroke can, unfortu­nately, culminate in other symptoms, such as time disorientation, impaired abstract thinking, and, ultimately, poor judgment. This inability to judge and decipher events and situations is particular­ly dangerous because, more times than not, it shows itself when it comes to safety measures. Walking out of the house in a bathrobe and slippers; getting behind the wheel of a car without a license, glasses, or a sense of direction; preparing lunch in the kitchen without recognizing the difference between dishwasher powder and salt—all these are hazardous to a stroke patient’s health.

In stroke, these symptoms are compounded by the physical handicaps, the language disabilities, and the other devastating characteristics of the stroke itself, which can make the biological, stroke-created depression worse. We see patients who become un­cooperative in their rehabilitation. They become withdrawn; they are easily frustrated. And most difficult of all, their rehabilitation progress slows—or even goes backward.

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Gianvi Class Action News:  When we first see a stroke patient, we determine who he is and if there was a predisposition to the condition. This involves a de­tailed history, including any individual risk factors that may or may not be present: hypertension, a lifetime of smoking, diabetes, a prior TIA. If any of these are present, they can help determine who this stroke patient is. Background clues also are helpful in coming up with a diag­nosis and subsequent treatment plan. These include work habits, gender, and race.

The physician-detective also must determine exactly what hap­pened and exactly what the event was that took place. A stroke is a general term. Physicians need to know more than “She sud­denly fainted” or “He fell down in midspeech.” They will ask questions to pinpoint the event in more specific terms. What was the patient doing? Did you feel your heart skip beats? Had he just complained about a headache or a numb feeling in his limbs?

Where is a powerful word. As we now know, the type of stroke is one thing and its location in the brain quite another. Where is the damage? What part of the brain is involved? In addition to sophisticated x-rays, CT scans, and MRI scans, this question also is answered through language, motor, cognitive, and emotional evaluations, which we also will be go­ing over later in this chapter. These tests not only help determine the extent of the damage, but also the functions that still are pre­served. The rehabilitation team will immediately start to build on what skills remain intact.

Look beyond the surface and there’s always a “why.” Whether it’s a family argument, an office problem, or a physical condi­tion, understanding why something has occurred can go far in preventing it from happening again. And even more important, understanding the disease process that caused a patient’s stroke also can help prevent it from recurring.  Performing a comprehensive examination is more than taking a few blood tests, some x-rays, and a cursory family history. Details are pinpointed and a treatment plan is established through a va­riety of diagnostic tests.

Echocardiogram, or ultrasound. A step beyond an elec­trocardiogram (EKG), this uses sound as a detector. It is useful for detecting the heart as a source of an embolus. A device, con­nected to a computer, is placed on a patient’s chest or neck and bounces sounds waves off the heart’s walls and the arteries of the neck. These sound-wave echoes (or ultrasound) are recorded and analyzed by the connected computer. If a blood clot is present in the heart or the carotid artery in the neck is narrowed, sound waves bouncing back to the ultrasound machinery can draw a picture of the problem. Your doctor may request a transesopha­geal echocardiogram (TEE) to get a better look at your heart and aorta. By painlessly swallowing a small probe, the sound waves can get closer to their desired target.

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Gianvi Class Action News:   CT scan. Often this is the first test administered to obtain specific information, outlining the severity, the type, and the location of the stroke. This is particularly important in light of some of the newer “clot-busting” medicine we use to treat stroke. Although a “dry” stroke (where a plugged-up artery creates a “drought” in the brain past the blockage) may not show up for a few days, it is important to rule out bleeding in the brain before using these medications.

During the CT scan itself, a patient lies down inside what has been described as a giant white doughnut; the CT scan, hooked up to a computer, then takes sophisticated pictures of the inside of his brain, “peeling” off slices, layer after layer, of tissue.  MRI. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides a much more detailed picture of the size and location of a stroke than a basic CT scan. An MRI is, in simple terms, a superconducting magnet, creating a powerful magnetic force that, with the aid of radio frequencies, can take pictures of the brain. Because its images are based on molecular principles, an MRI is not bound by the same constrictions as a CT scan. It can take pictures of the brain past any skeletal structures; it can depict extraordinary details of specific, minute areas within the brain. An MRI can show areas of the brain that have had previous damage during a “silent” stroke. An MRI is particularly good at looking at the brain stem and cerebellum.

SPECT and PET scans. Although PET scans may sound like x-rays performed on your favorite cat or dog, both PET scans, and their “cousin” SPECT scans, are diagnostic tools that take imaging one step further. A combination of chemistry and tech­nology, positron emission tomography (or PET) and single pho­ton emission computed tomography (or SPECT) actually map the metabolic activity of the various chemicals in the brain via an injection of a “tagged” radioactive liquid. They take pictures of the biochemical reactions that occur in the liquid message’s journey through the brain’s blood vessels. Their exquisite detail actually can show the inactivity caused by a stroke.

BDAE and other language function tests. There’s more to recovery than mobility and self-care, and there’s more to diag­nose than the purely physical. Language impairment, or apha­sia, is a common symptom of stroke. Tests such as the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (BDAE) and the modified Western Aphasia Battery (WAB ) help determine the extent of language—and nonlanguage—impairment. Various questions and commands analyze reading comprehension, speech fluency and abilities, auditory comprehension, repetition skills, and per­ception.

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Gianvi Class Action News:   The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) rates twenty-one questions in a self-reporting inventory; the way people an­swer measures their symptoms-—-if any—of depression. First introduced in 1961, the BDI takes only ten minutes to com­plete and requires only a fifth- or sixth-grade reading level. The questions cover specific attitudes about depression such as sadness, guilt, suicidal thoughts, and social withdrawal. The BDI is easy to administer and its universal acceptance.

Today, thanks to the advances made in neurology, pharma­cology, science, and technology, medication therapy is more ef­fective than ever. We now know the anatomy of the brain. We now know the intricate maneuvers of blood and its substances as it surges through the passageways of the body. We now know how blood coagulates—and its biological, neurological, and emo­tional aftermath.

To help you understand the action behind the words, we have described the most common medications used in treating stroke. But please note that the following lists are meant only as a brief introduction to medication therapy. None of these are a substitute for your doctor. Nor should any of these medications be administered without your doctor’s supervision.

Almost everyone today has heard of the medicine that helps dis­solve blood clots in the heart’s arteries and stop heart attacks dead in their tracks. But it is only since June 1996 that the clot-busting drug tPA (Tissue Plasminogen Activator) has been approved by the FDA for use in ischemic strokes. In an ideal situation, tPA dissolves the clot, blood returns to the oxygen-starved brain, and the patient’s paralysis goes away. Overall, the use of tPA reversed the effects of stroke in 12 percent of patients and significantly improved functional outcomes. But there is a real downside: bleeding into the brain with worsening of the stroke occurred in patients 6 percent of the time.

Our use of the term or terms Gianvi Class Action News is for descriptive purposes only. There is no relationship between the owners of this website and the maker of the product discussed in this post. Our use of the words Recall, Class Action Lawsuit and other similar words related to an event do not necessarily mean that this event has occurred. Refer to the website of the United States Food and Drug Administration for information on drug or medical device recalls. If a Class Action Lawsuit is formed in relation to the product discussed in this post we will provide that information at the time the Class Action is formed. A Class Action Lawsuit is not required to exist for you to file a lawsuit if you have been injured by the product discussed in this post.

To keep up to date on Gianvi Class Action News visit our site often.

Gianvi Class Action News